Discovery of Isotopes

 

We began a project to document the discovery of all isotopes. In contrast to the
discovery of a new element, the first observation of a new isotope is not as well
defined.

We decided on two main guidelines for the claim of discovery of an isotope:

(1) Clean identification, either by decay curves and relationships to other known
isotopes, particle or γ-ray spectra, or unique mass and Z identification.

(2) The discovery had to be reported in a refereed journal.

In most cases the discovery is easy to determine. However, there are many cases
which are controversial for many different reasons.

We would appreciate any help in resolving the controversial cases. If you have
any information that might be helpful or if you disagree with an assignment please
let us know by sending an email.

 

The current status of the project is:

Z = 18 Argon S. Amos and M. Thoennessen in preparation
Z = 20 Calcium J. Gross and M. Thoennessen in preparation
Z = 21 Scandium D. Meierfrankenfeld and M. Thoennessen in preparation
Z = 22 Titanium D. Meierfrankenfeld and M. Thoennessen manuscript
Z = 23 Vanadium A. Shore et al., arXiv:0907.1994v1
Z = 26 Iron A. Schuh et al., arXiv:0909.0091v1
Z = 27 Cobalt T. Szymanski and M. Thoennessen arXiv:0909.0864v1
Z = 33 Arsenic A. Shore et al., arXiv:0902.4361v1
Z = 36 Krypton M. Heim et al., arXiv:0904.2362v1
Z = 47 Silver A. Schuh et al., arXiv:0907.1629v1
Z = 48 Cadmium S. Amos and M. Thoennessen arXiv:0910.4231v1
Z = 49 Indium S. Amos and M. Thoennessen manuscript
Z = 50 Tin S. Amos and M. Thoennessen manuscript
Z = 56 Barium A. Shore et al., arXiv:0908.1944v1
Z = 58 Cerium J.Q. Ginepro et al., At. Data Nucl. Data Tables 95, 905 (2009)
Z = 74 Tungsten A. Fritsch et al., arXiv:0903.4281v1
Z = 79 Gold A. Schuh et al., arXiv:0903.1797v1
Z = 80 Mercury D. Meierfrankenfeld and M. Thoennessen manuscript
Z = 99 Einsteinium A. Bury et al., manuscript

In addition, we have done the initial literature search for over 2000 additional
isotopes. This is a huge project and if anybody is interested in helping with an
element please let us know.